Caledonia

Anthony Powell. Caledonia: a Fragment. (Published for the Author 1934)

Current selling price £3,000 +

This eleven page bagatelle is actually Anthony Powell’s fourth book, but is certainly more sought after by Powell fanatics than his first. Only 100 copies were printed for the author on the occasion of his marriage ( some say engagement ) to Lady Violet Pakenham . The squib, a pastiche of Augustan satire was aimed at the rise of the Scottish presence in British life, which for me goes back to the liking for things Caledonian that began with the Waverley novels and Blackwood’s Noctes Ambrosiana in the Regency period and continued through the reign of  Queen Victoria ( think Balmoral, Our Life in the Highlands, the gamekeeper Brown etc ) and only waned a little at the end of the Edwardian era. Powell confessed that he had no quarrel with the Scottish and only saw them in the light of his Englishness and Welshness. Caledonia contains  twelve lines on Scottish music by Powell’s friend Constant Lambert and there is an illustration by the mildly cultish Edward Burra, who was little known at that time.

The book was printed to be given away to friends (did Powell have 100 friends in 1934 ? ) and some of the most coveted copies today bear inscriptions to them. For instance, for a mere $4,128 R.A. Gekoski will gladly sell you a copy inscribed by Powell to Mr David Talbot Rice, Gent. Professor in Art of the University of Edinburgh, who was, like Powell, an old Etonian. The faux eighteenth century style of address chimed in perfectly with the pastiche, but it also turned out to be prescient. Talbot Rice, like many an eighteenth century academic at Oxbridge or the Scottish Universities, managed to remain in post for 38 years, a feat unimaginable in our day of peripatetic academics.

Alternatively, for a staggering £7,500 Peter Harrington will be delighted to sell you the copy of Caledonia  bought at a Dominic Winter sale for £1,550. Inscribed bizarrely ‘Feb 16^th 1930’ to Wyndham Lloyd, who was apparently a physician and wrote A  Hundred Years of Medicine. According to the Powellites, Powell was not a snob and his obsession with his own genealogy and that of his friends had more to do with his fascination with 'characters' in history. His friendship with Lloyd and his brother may be connected to his interest in his own Welsh ancestry.

Powellites with smaller pockets might have to pay around $3,000 for a plain copy, though the one available at this price in the USA does have  six holograph corrections in Powell’s hand. Presumably, the rest of the edition has these too. It would seem that Powell retained the bulk of the remaining himself, so a few unadorned examples may have been skulking in his library at his death. One wonders what happened to these. Luckily, for those who just want to read the text, the Anthony Powell Society will sell to members for just £8 a facsimile of Caledonia  published in 2011 by the Greville Press, complete with tartan covers but with an additional portrait of the author after Henry Lamb, Powell’s brother in law. Non-members can find copies of the same book for around $20 on the Net. Those with even less money to spare will find the complete text in Kingsley Amis’s Oxford Anthology of Light Verse .

Because Caledonia is such an insubstantial book it could easily be overlooked at book sales and end up sold alongside less distinguished slim volumes or pamphlets. It is certainly worth looking out for. A price tag of £3,000 for eleven pages must be some sort of minor record for a modern first.

Incidentally, Powell, despite what Powell and his acolytes vehemently disputed , is pronounced Powell, to rhyme with Howell (it being a Welsh name apHowell, son of Hwyl. I should know. Winifred Powell, mother of Denis Healey, was my grandmother. [R. M. Healey]

Many thanks Robin. Et tu Healey! I saw a copy of Caledonia on the memorable house call we did at V.S. Naipaul's country cottage. Among many other things we bought a bunch of books inscribed  to him by Paul Theroux and Theroux got into such a bate that he wrote a book about it. Naipaul had a Caledonia inscribed to him by his pal Powell - that he wasn't selling. He did imply that Powell still had a few left which might explain the bit about 100 friends.

As for £3000 for 11 pages there are several modern first worth more per page - off the top of my head - the limited edition of Whoroscope, Virginia Woolf's Roger Fry pamphlet, the Bruno Hat exhibition catalogue and obviously the one page poem Sylvia Plath handed out on the streets of Edinburgh in 1960 - A Winter Ship, not to mention a couple of Joyce broadsides and the Parnell pamphlet. In fact you could probably get a million pounds worth of the stuff in a Fedex envelope...

Rare books on the screen

For some reason, the world of rare books seems less appealing to film and TV producers than it does to crime or thriller writers. However, there are a handful of examples where rare or antiquarian books feature prominently on the small screen and in movies. Here are seven that immediately come to mind.

1) The Big Sleep (1946). Directed by Howard Hawks, starring Humphrey Bogart.

In the film Philip Marlowe enters Geiger’s rare bookstore and asks to see certain books with ‘points ‘. This is clearly a wind-up, as Marlowe rightly suspects that the store is a front for an illegal operation. Incidentally, what happened to this term, beloved of the rare book world in the twenties and thirties? It seems to have died out completely.   

2) The Ninth Gate (1999). Written and directed by Roman Polanski, starring Johnny Depp.

Probably the best known example of a film in which a rare book plays a central role. Depp is the bookseller who is asked by a client to authenticate his copy of The Ninth gate of the Kingdom of Shadows, a seventeenth century treatise on devil worship, of which only two other copies are known, one of which may have been written by Satan himself. The book in question is fictional, but is based on the Hypnerotomachia Poliphili (1499), whose woodcut illustrations are cryptic instructions.  We are given glimpses of pages from the book, which looks little like any seventeenth century book that I’ve ever seen. Best thing in the film is the art direction, especially the higgeledy-piggledy interior of the bookshop.

3) Casting the Runes, BBC TV drama based on the short story by M. R. James.

By far the most convincing TV drama involving rare books. A scholar wishes to borrow an exceedingly rare work from an ancient academic library, but finds that a mysterious stranger wants to do the same. The rest of the story shows why this book is so important to both men. James is a brilliant plotter and the spooky atmosphere of the library is wonderfully conveyed.

4) The Name of the Rose (1986).Directed by Jean-Jacques Arnaud from the novel by Umberto Eco. Stars Sean Connery, Christian Slater, and Ron Perlman.

Visually a terrific film, thanks to  brilliant art direction that includes  a sublimely romantic landscape setting ( presumably somewhere in northern Italy or the Balkans) and a library whose shelves are crammed with  incredibly ancient-looking tomes. The library, which looks as if it was designed by Escher from an idea by M. R. James, always reminds me of one of those amazing ancient European libraries featured in that excellent tome Great Libraries of the World. All the books look so scrumptious that the fire which breaks out must bring out archivists and rare book librarians in a cold sweat. The plot has holes.  How is it that in the midst of an inferno Sean Connery is able to make such a rapid choice of which books to rescue? I also find it hard to believe that there exists a poison so virulent that a scintilla deposited in the mouth through page-turning could accumulate in the body without its taste (most poisons are very bitter) being noticed by the illuminators in the scriptorium. Most poisons of this potency need to be injected.

5) Black Books ( 2000-2004).Channel 4, starring Dylan Moran, Tamsin Grieg, and Bill Bailey.

It must be the only British sitcom to be set in a second-hand bookshop. I don’t know how much background research the scriptwriters undertook, but they seem to have concocted a very believable owner from characteristics shared by a random selection of the most rebarbative book dealers in the UK, several of whom may have been those encountered by Driffield and myself. Bernard Black has a sharp and indeed withering wit, which most dealers don’t necessarily show to their customers, unless you count barely audible grunts as wit. Although the exterior shots use Collinge and Clark’s premises in Bloomsbury, rumour has it that some aspects of Bernard Black’s personality are based on various bookshop characters  - Eric Barton, Thoreau Books, possibly Charing Cross Road shops.

6) Happy-go Lucky (2008). Directed by Mike Leigh, starring Sally Hawkins.

One of the funnier scenes set in a bookshop sees the delicious Sally Hawkins gamely engaged in the thankless task of engaging a monosyllabic assistant in conversation, but failing miserably. Happily, being cheerfully disposed, the lovely Sally won’t give up her mission to cheer people up, although sadly she is doomed to failure.

7). Midsomer Murders, ITV.

As far as I know only one episode of this popular TV series concerns the criminal activities of a rare book dealer, but I may be wrong. Clearly, the scriptwriter doesn’t want viewers to learn how little he knows about bookshops, book dealers or antiquarian books generally, because the workings of the book trade plays only a peripheral part in the screenplay.

Note. Have you noticed that when someone in a period drama is seen reading or handing over a book that has been recently published (say, a copy of his or her novel or poems) the volume is invariably bound in leather, rather than in paper-covered boards, or even cloth; or if it is a book of spells it is invariably jewel-encrusted or bound in a very new-looking or brightly coloured leather. Could some props person explain why this is so? [R.M. Healey]

Many thanks Robin. Second hand books tend to turn more on TV - there was even a Lewis with a sort of occult bookshop run by the actor who used to play Trigger. Recently there was a slightly suspect man with a lawyer wife who sold second hand books on the internet and the copper (Vera?) seemed surprised that this was a viable business. Our own area Charing Cross Road features in the gay 60s noir Victim where a shop in Cecil Court is used for drop offs. Brilliant film with Dirk Bogarde. Some scenes in the cult Hanif Kureishi movie Sammy and Rosie Get Laid (Stephen Frears) were shot in our old Hammersmith shop.